Showing posts with label NHRDN. Show all posts
Showing posts with label NHRDN. Show all posts

Saturday, May 27, 2017

Professionalization of Professional Bodies

Professional Bodies and Office Seekers

T V Rao

Professional bodies like the AIMA, AMA, ISTD, NHRDN, NIPM, ISABS, ISISD etc. have contributed a lot to the development of the respective professions and professionals. Indian Professional bodies, I am familiar with, have a great opportunity to contribute and have a long way to go compared to their counterparts in the west. For example, the American Society for Training and Development, SHRM, American Psychological Association, The American Sociological Association, The Academy of HRD, USA etc. have done enormous service to their professions. They encourage research, hold conferences, publish journals, conduct certification programs. In all this work, they involve most of the time the top-grade universities and scholars besides practitioners and executives. One thing remarkable about these bodies in other countries is the involvement of academics and scholars. In India whenever the academics and scholars were involved a good degree of research took place and over a period there seems to be a tremendous decline of the involvement of academics and scholars. Concerted effort may have to be made to engage the scholars to upgrade the quality of contributions of these professional bodies. Research and publications is the backbone of any profession. In the absence of them there is a risk of them turning out to be like clubs to meet the affiliation needs of those involved. Professional bodies should develop a plan of action and have self-renewal mechanism instituted to rejuvenate them and lift their quality and impact.

You Don't need to hold office to contribute to a Profession or a professional body


I have seen many enthusiasts’ wanting to be office bearers of professional bodies. I am a life member of NHRDN, ISTD, ISABS, ISET and AMA. I am not a member of NIPM nor AIMA. I conduct a HR Leadership event every year for AMA though I had never been an office bearer or on its Board. CK Prahalad used to come every year when he was alive, and gave a honorary lecture at AMA for the city of Ahmedabad. I always welcomed any invitation from and never refused to address any chapter of NIPM or NIPM itself whenever they requested me. NIPM even sponsored me for some global award even though I am not a member. ISTD also invited me several times for keynote talks etc. even though I was never an office bearer.  On the contrary, NHRDN for which I am Founder and first president never invited me for a keynote talk or as a key speaker in the last 20 years. They do invite me to attend their conferences or to say a few words, occasionally depending on the Chapter’s preference. This honor was given to me by NIPM and ISTD.


 In fact, I am not even on the Board of NHRDN for the last several years. I did not want to participate in the selection process of its office bearers except once in the last 15 years. Almost all decisions in the last 20 years have been taken without my involvement. About 18 years ago, when it was not picking up and activities were at the lowest, I volunteered to constitute a Renewal Committee and rejuvenated with the help of a large number of others including Aquila Busrai, Arvind Agarwal, P V R Murthy, Rupa Padki, Uday Pareek in 1999-2000. Once Arvind Agarwal was appointed the President in 2000, I withdrew and was like any other member.  My contention was, learning from Ravi Matthai, my time was over and it is for others to lead. However, this does not stop me from contributing to NHRDN as its member and founder President without  imposing my views.. 

Once in recent years, I requested for a small fund to recruit summer trainees to consolidate all the publications of NHRDN and put them together. Though the President agreed the Director General declined. I felt upset, but went ahead and spent my own money, hired the trainees and completed the task. The thousand and odd articles are now available on NHRDN portal. In recent times I saw members of some professional bodies taking up issues for positions on some of these professional bodies. I have also seen some members contesting elections and doing a lot of canvassing and after they get elected rarely turn up to events. Professionalism and sense of responsibility is missing among  some of them. I have also seen a few members who have taken it as a mission only to find faults in the governance system of these bodies. Good Governance is important. Transparency is very important. It is not enough to read out a code of conduct but it is more important to practice it and be available for examination of this practice. 

You don’t need to be a member of a professional body to contribute to it or to the profession it represents.  You can do it in many ways and you will receive the gifts you deserve. The most important gift your receive is the self-satisfaction that you made a difference. If someone is interested in serving a professional body as an office bearer, I would strongly recommend to these professional bodies to create positions to accommodate all those interested. Along with it there should be strict evaluation of their contributions and removal in the absence of their being able to fulfill their commitment to the body.  It is difficult to get volunteers who can spend time and if someone is willing please do not turn them away. Some of them may not know how to approach the body and some of them may even make the mistake of pointing out the legal validity of some of those who are elected.

Performance or Contribution Appraisal of Office bearers should be compulsory

Some members go out of way to canvass for getting elected for positions and once they are elected they don’t even attend meetings. I have come across one case when a President of a Chapter would not do anything and he would not also resign after having been elected as President. When an informal meeting as called and someone from the local university volunteered to take up the role, the president in office threatened the professor that he will be beaten up if he does not withdraw. The chapter never recovered from this and the city lost a great opportunity. I find it difficult to understand why some professionals go out of way to make issues and keep controversies alive. They should realize that they are harming themselves and the profession they represent without their knowing it. I also believe that professional bodies should not become mere legal entities in the name of good governance. What is needed is flexibility, creativity, sense of purpose and commitment to a cause. It goes without saying that these bodies should conduct their activities transparently, ensure all statutory compliance particularly in financial and accounting matters. 

If someone is not working they should be prompt enough to remove them and let the body function. Unfortunately, there is so much of local apathy to professional bodies in some places. In other places, there is intense competition to fight elections and take positions. Both have their downsides.
To avoid such things professional bodies should also have strict performance evaluations of all their office bearers every six months and even undertake a 360 feedback once a while. Performance evaluation by members (related members) is a must in professional bodies and the results should be transparently published.

In my view self-regulation is the key to success of Professional bodies. When office bearers take up positions they should publicly commit their time and other resources for building the profession and contributing to the body. Unless they do this they would be doing enormous invisible damage to the profession. It is not right and not ethical. 


Saturday, November 22, 2014

Human Resources Development in India: Origins

HRD in India: A Factual Update

October 22, 1974 Larsen & Toubro writes to Udai Pareek of Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad to review the performance appraisal system and suggest it make it more effective. Udai Pareek and T. V. Rao interview about 40 officers (GMMs, JGMs, DGMs, Managers, Covenanted Officers and Supervisors) from L&T and review the system. On the basis of their review Pareek and Rao suggest the introduction of an Integrated Human Resources Development system to include Performance appraisal, Potential appraisal, Career Planning and Development, Feedback and counselling, training and Organization Development. To quote their report "We recommend that Performance appraisal, Potential Appraisal, Feedback and counselling, Career Development and Career Planning and Training and Development get distinct attention as unique parts of an integrated system which we call the Human resources Development System". (Nowhere in international literature was the term Human Resources Development System known to have been used till then. Later we discovered that Len Nadler around this time sued the term in an ASTD conference to mean Training and Education)

Pareek and Rao's report further stated "This system may either be treated as a sub-system under the Personnel (Human Resources) function or may be developed as a separate function, with strong linkages with the Personnel (Human Resources) system.... While we recommend the development of an integrated HRD System in L&T, we would like to point out that a lot of work, effort, and commitment would be required for this purpose. Introduction of a truncated system may defeat the purpose for which the system to be installed." It was Udai Pareek who introduced the term Human Resources as senior consultant of the project.

The report was presented to the Board in the presence of Holk Larsen. N M Desai, Mr. Larsen and the Board accepted the report in toto and decided to implement it. An implementation Task force was formed in L&T with Mr. Govind Advani as Convenor of the HRD Implementation Task Force. Dr. D F Pereira was appointed as D G M, HRD and the new department was created with Mr. S R Subramniam as Vice-president Personnel and OD.  In October 1975 after taking a decision to implement HRD system, N M Desai requested Pareek and Rao team to look into the other components of HR system. In their report submitted in 1977 Pareek and Rao outlined the other components and HR system and also outlined 14 principles underlying the system. These principles lift up the HR function to new heights and gave it a higher role in managing the entire organization set up including mechanism of structuring, integration of the business, differentiation, and self renewal.

It was around this time Udai Pareek while addressing the top management of State Bank of India at Hyderabad Staff College introduced to them the concept of HRD. After listening to Udai Pareek the top management of SBI decided to introduce the HRD systems and also start a HRD Department in SBI. The Associates of SBI stole the March and appointed HRD Managers in their Banks and a year later SBI appointed Mr. Shanmugam as a CGM to head the HRD Department. In 1977 T. V. Rao along with Udai Pareek conducted a series of programs to training HRD Managers of Associate banks of SBI on the HRD concepts in a program titled as Managing Motivation for Development by IIMA. 

In 1978 Udai Pareek and SK Bhattacharya recommended the establishment of a HRD Department in Bharat Earth Movers Limited Bangalore (BEML). BEML invited Prof. T V Rao from IIMA to join and head the HR Department. Dr. Rao joined BEML as advisor in General manager's capacity to establish the HRD function and agreed to stay for a year and train up the subsequent team. In the same year using his s experiences at BEML Rao and Pareek held a seminar at IIMA on the new HR function. This is the first national workshop to disseminate the HRD concepts. The various chapters written for a subsequent book by Pareek and Rao (Designing and Managing HR systems published by Oxford & IBH see for latter version of this book).
 In 1981 T V Rao wrote an article on "HRD Old wine in a new Bottle explaining the concept and origins of HRD in India (see: http://iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/research-and-publication/working-papers.html&page=198&rnp_id=wp00447)

In 1983 I was invited to join XLRI as L&T Professor of HRD. I agreed to join provided that XLRI agrees to set up a centre for HRD and also conduct an annual seminar on HRD as a part of the Chair. Fr. Romuald D'Souza agreed with my suggestion. Fr. E Abraham registered for is Ph. D. to work with me for Gujarat University as a candidate through IIMA. I went to start the Centre and the centre was inaugurated by N M Desai along with S R Subramaniam and D F Pereira in February 1984. We mobilised some funds and organizations like IOC, State Bank of Patiala become members of the Centre. 

In 1984 Ravi Matthai died and I felt I had to get back to IIMA to continue the work started by Ravi. I was very disappointed with the way HRD is taking shape. T&D people renamed themselves as HRD and personnel departments began to re-title themselves as HR Departments without understanding the philosophy of HRD as envisaged by us. I can't let this go on. We organised a national seminar on HRD as a part of the L&T Chair. Dr Pereira facilitated this. Udai Pareek was in Indonesia working with Rolf Lynton and helping the Ministry of Health on a HTRD project. 
I used the seminar as an opportunity to sow the seeds of starting a professional body to continue the work I started at XLRI. I was aware that the Centre for HRD would not continue the way we envisaged as Fr. Abraham was moving to Ahmedabd to complete his Ph. D. The only way is to have a body as IIMA already refused my suggestion to start a HRD centre (an also Entrepreneurship centre) earlier as a part of the Committee for Future Directions (headed by Dr. Rangarajan). IIMA's argument was that if every faculty specialising in an area wants to start a centre there will be too many centres and IIMA can't contain. Years after this IIMA started an incubation centre. 
On the last day of the seminar at Mumbai on March 2nd, 1985 I proposed that we continue to learn from each other independent of XLTI, IIMA and L&T. The concept of an association was floated and learning Frome each other was initiated in the last sessions. Rajen suggested the concept of Network and we decided to alter call ourselves National HRD Network. I returned back to IIMA end of March 1985 and Fr. Abraham joined me back to complete his Ph. D. The Centre for HRD sued to run from St. Xavier's Loyola Scholl and Fr. Abraham used to steer it and we both together toured round the country next two years relentlessly and made sure that the chapter conceptualised in 1984 became active. Thanks to IIMA I was asked to review the PGP and subsequently Chair it. It helped me to travel to Chennai, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Delhi, and Mumbai. Consultancy with SAIL helped me to travel to other places. Khandelwal, KK Verma, Rajen Gupta supported from Ahmedabad and Baroda and Chandrasekhar and PVR Murthy from Chennai. L&T and PVR played a significant role to facilitate my travel to Chennai. We floated programs using the name of the Centre for HRD and promoting NHRDN. Finally with the help of Mr. K K Nair of AMA we registered NHRDN at Ahmedabad in 1986 as a trust and Society. Abraham and I were the first members. For almost two years between 1985 and early 1987 we had no membership fee and enrolled anyone interested. We used to print 200 newsletters from CHRD and mail it free. We mobilised sponsorship for each issue from organizations I was consulting. State Bank of Patiala, Sundram Clayton, MMTC, HPCL, L&T and a number of organizations sued to sponsor and we mail the newsletter free. The registration address given was wing No 14 IIMA (where my office was located). We announced the first conference in Chennai and Chandrashekar of L&T ECC facilitated it. KK Verma, Anil, Fr Abraham and T V Rao formed the committee to mobilise papers and publish them to be handed over for the conference. We started the conference with a CEO conclave on the first day. Economic Times brought out a special edition of the paper for the conference. I talked to the editor Manu Shroff who was a former colleague at IIMA and got him to do two special editions for the conference. Media were very helpful. The first conference held in 1987 was big hit. Over 200 delegates attended including several CEOs, and Civil servants from Gujarat and other places attended. M R R Nair who attended the conference showed a lot of interest. We spotted him as the next President and he readily agreed to Chair the next Conference at Delhi and subsequently to become the President. 
It is during his President-ship, we organised a Mission-Vision workshop. It is in this workshop the idea of an Institute to promote the objectives of NHRDN was conceptualised as we realised that the NHRDN can’t achieve its objectives as a professional body. The Academy of HRD was born. It was also decided to make a separately registered Institution to promote research. The secret behind the decision was the delay in accounts being submitted by various chapters creating issues in NHRDN’s governance. We did not want AHRD to be blocked by the difficulties faced by NHRDN. Also we needed to mobilise funds for the Institution which was possible only when it was registered as a separate body. Udai Pareek became President of NHRDN in 1991. By this time the standards of NHRDN conferences, objectives and the culture was well set. AHRD started a diploma program and graduated in its first program itself around 120 candidates.  Even Indira gandhi Open University made films from NHRDN and AHRD inputs and widely sued in their programs. MS 22 course of IGNOU was entirely written by NHRDN and AHRD teams.